World+War+I

Essential Questions:

 * When is global conflct inevitable?
 * Doe anyone really win in a war?
 * Do Alliances cause wars or prevent them?
 * Should peace treaties be fair or favor the winner?

**Opening Activities**:

 * Log onto the wall wisher address and post responses to the questions given:[|opener wallwisher]
 * Period 1 Go To : [|Opener Wallwisher]

Complete the **Picture Detective Strategy** for the picture below in your wiki.
Copy and paste the picture and questions into your wiki to answer

1. Ask a question Who is the person being shot in the photo? 2. What clues do you get from the picture Looking at the picture I see a man shooting another man dressed in red and white clothes. Another lady is supporting her. There is a large group of people in the background of the photo which leads me to believe that the shooter wanted this assasination to be seen. It doesn't seem like the other guard people don't look as surprised as they should. This was a planned assassination and he feels strongly about it.. 3. What message is the picture sending? This is probably the assassination of someone of higher power, maybe royalty. The assisnation of the arch Duke. They are at a parade



Read the different eyewitness accounts on the assassination here: [|Wintnesses to the assination of the archduke] In one of the eyewitness accounts, I learned that Sophia was pregnant while this assassination happened. While she was shot, she fainted and her husband, the Archduke, was telling her to try and stay alive for the children. Also, I learned that before the final assassination, there were many attempts by other conspirators to kill the Archduke Francis Ferdinand.
 * What did you learn from these eyewitnesses**? ** Write your response in you wiki **

Time Line Activity
 * **Use the Time line on pages 378-9 to complete this activity**

1. Which event is considered to be the “spark to WWI? The assassination of the Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo was said to be the spark of World War I. 2. How long did WWI Last? World war I lasted between a span of about four years. 3. What event precipitated the involvement of the United States and when did it occur? When Germany attacked, sinking Lusitania in May of 1915. 4. How did the event in Russia in 1917 change the role of Russia in the war? The start of the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 ended the rule of the czar and led to Russia pulling out of the war. 5. What comment could you make on the world events that occurred during WWI? As opposed to the chapter events, the world events are not violent or much less even relevant to World war I.

**Causes of World War I:**
 * Read the causes of WWI presented in the link below:
 * [|CAuses of WWI]
 * Complete the attached graphic organizer to summarize your reading and what you gained from visuals provided:[[image:http://www.wikispaces.com/i/mime/32/application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document.png width="32" height="32" link="http://mastromaurowh.wikispaces.com/file/view/GO+Causes+of+WWI.docx"]] [|GO Causes of WWI.docx]

**Reflection:**

**Of all the "Firsts" what impressed you the most and why?**

I think of all the firsts that I saw in this video, the first x-ray machines was the most impressive for me because in today's life, x-ray machines are pretty important in some aspects of life. Also, I think the technology of this machine is pretty impressive for the time of World War I.

**Map Activity** :


 * Identify the Allied Powers (sometimes called the Triple Entente)
 * Who were the Central Powers (also known initially as the Triple Alliance)
 * Where is the Western Front? It begins and ends where?
 * Identify the Eastern Front.
 * How, geographically, did neutral states impact the war?

1. The allied powers were Great Britain, Portugal, France, Greece, Romania, Serbia, Italy, and Russia. 2. The central powers were Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire, and Germany. 3. The Western Front begins at the top of France and ends at the top of Switzerland where it meets France. 4. The Eastern Front runs all the way from the middle of Russia, down the the bottom nearly into Romania. 5. The neutral states were in between, and around France and Germany as well as other countries. This would mean it would be harder to get to France or Germany because the neutral states would be in the way.
 * [[image:mrshealy-usii/WWI_Map.JPG width="469" height="439" caption="WWI- 1914-1917 Before US Enters"]] ||
 * WWI- 1914-1917 Before US Enters ||

media type="custom" key="12304770"
 * Opener: What would it take to make you enlist to fight in a war? **

Here, Vera Brittain is clearly getting excited about going into war. But it obviously shows how naive she is because she doesn't know that war isn't exactly something to get excited about. I think maybe because as a woman, she had never really experienced anything other than being in her home so war would appeal to her. This is talking about the different views of men and and women about war. The views of women as well as their emotions would get in the way during battle. But with the men, they just want to win the war and don't about the deaths or casualties.
 * Analyze the following quotes: **
 * Quote #1: On Monday evening, August 3, 1914, Vera Brittain, a young English woman, wrote in her diary: **
 * “Today has been far too exciting to enable me to feel at all like sleep— **
 * in fact it is one of the most thrilling I have ever lived through, though **
 * without doubt there are many more to come. That which has been so **
 * long anticipated by some and scoffed at by others has come to pass at last. . . . .” **
 * Quote #2: “Yes, the women will do it. They don’t feel as men do about war. **
 * they are the mothers of the race. Men think of the economic results, **
 * women think of the grief and the pain.” **
 * // Aletta Jacobs, 1st female doctor in the Netherlands //**

media type="custom" key="12456368"

From looking at these photos, I get an awful idea of how terrible it must have been to have to fight and survive through the trench warfare. Through looking at the descriptions and the pictures, it shows that these soldiers had to fight through crazy weather and other difficult things. It seems that also, along with these awful weather conditions, the soldiers had to face vermin and the chance of catching many diseases. From this video I learned that all of these soldiers had to struggle with crawling or walking through narrow threnches in order to travel from one trench to another. There were large explosions that killed many and on the first day about 20,000 British soldiers were killed. Many died very quickly and some died just thirty minutes after the battle had begun. In total, 623,907 soldiers were killed or wounded in the Battle of the Somme. [|Armenian Massacre Project]
 * Activity: **
 * **View the photo gallery** gallery of Trench Warfare at this site: [|Photo gallery of Trench Warfare]
 * In **pargraph** form, describe your impressions of trench warfare (based on what you saw)
 * Summary on Video: The Battle of the Somme**


 * This was an NHD project completed by a student last year
 * On the **homepage** he explains the purpose of the project

1. Read the background of the people who wrote the song 2. Listen to the lyrics of the song and write your impressions of the song
 * Activity for home page ** :

From listening to this song and the lyrics, it starts off slow but then it powerfully picks up as to get a message across. It goes back and forth, alternating between soft and hard. I think from hearing the lyrics, you can gather that they are very repetitive but they obviously get their message across. Then, the lyrics shift a bit and they are saying that death will be greeted if necessary for the people to be together in life or even in death. Also, I think the overall melody of the music and the chord changes represent a clear sad and very haunting aura. Then, finally at the end, it talks about being glad of surviving through the genocide. -describes how lonely the survivors felt having lost most of their family -a certain part explains that the survivors would rather die and be with their family than live all alone. -the writers of the song were descendants of survivors of the Armenian genocide. -understandable of their feeling of happiness as well as guilt. -it was the loneliest day because the Armenians were the only ones who believed that it was actually a genocide. -also a lonely day because of all the people that had died.


 * Click on the tab: Armenia in the Ottoman Empire ** :

Comment on the following in your wiki:

Before the massacre, the Armenians suffered many forms of religious segregation. They were burdened with higher taxes and as well as this they were given much fewer rights compared to the Turks. Partly because of these conditions the Armenians were poor as well. Religion came into play with segregation against the Armenians because they were catholic as opposed to the Islamic Turks.
 * 1. Treatment of the Armenians before the massacre: **

The reasons for the treatment (or you could say mistreatment) of the Armenians were that the Turks didn't want them to have any larger power. The Turks believed that it would be bad and frightening for the Armenians to gain any type of power or influence of the Ottoman Empire.
 * 2. Reasons for the Treatment: **

The Hamidian Massacres were led by Sultan Abdul-Hamid II and his main goal in these acts were to spread the word of the Kuran. As a Muslim, he made it his goal to make sure that everyone else in the Ottoman Empire practiced the Muslim religion.
 * 3. Hamidian Massacres: **

The song is by a band of Armenians in the point of view of an Armenian during the genocide. It reflects obviously on the pain that they endured from the mistreatment by the Turks. The lyrics speak that revenge as well as justice is wanted. The Armenians want justice in what happened to their people and they want the Turks to realize that it was a genocide and not an act of total war.
 * 4. Listen to and reflect on "The Armenian Massacre Song": **


 * Click on Tab: Armenia in 1915-1917**:


 * Read about what occurred to the Armenians during this time period and view the photos provided
 * **In a pargraph summarize what you learned about the treatment of Armenians during this time period**

In this passage I learned that all of the mistreatment of the Armenians began August 22, 1915 and their main goal was to wipe out an entire race. They first began by taking down the most able bodied Armenian men. Their reasons for this was so that the strongest of people would be dead and there would be no chance of them trying to revolt or fight back against the Turks. Then they arrested the rest of the Armenian men then deported them, ordering them to march a long ways through a desert until they eventually died from starvation. Women then were lead to deserted areas as well to be weakened and starved as well as abused. However, young-adult women were kept alive longer and forced to become slave-brides of the Turks. Children were often kidnapped or abducted and converted to Muslim but they all eventually died of starvation. Also, before anyone was murdered, the Turks would ask them if they would die Christians or live and convert to Muslims only to hear the Armenians beg for life.


 * Click on the tab More....**


 * Summarize what you gained from each of the following subtopics:**

Of all of the 1.5 million Armenians deported before 1917, over 600,000 of them were killed in the genocide. Having that the Young Turks Party eventually lost interest in the Armenians, they eventually gained interest in World War I. After this genocide ended, the Armenians had nowhere to go so they spread throughout the world. Since this, many countries have been quick to believe this was a genocide and others not, such as the United States. All the Armenians want now is for all of the world to understand that this was a genocide and not a war. The Turkish government attempted to make sure that this genocide was a secret because the allies wanted to make sure that the Muslim Turks weren't going to wipe out the population of Catholic Armenians. The Turks used the marches and deportations to deserted areas as a tool to keep the murders from surfacing to any other countries. Also, they believed that other areas would think that these killings would be justifiable because of the war. Turkey and many of their allies would not admit that this was a genocide rather than a war. The Armenians believe that if the whole world would recognize that it was a genocide than it would bring peace to the lands that their people lived on for 3000 years. The Armenians also hope that at one point the Turks would pay reparations back to the Armenians for the genocide.
 * 1. Armenia after the genocide**
 * 2. Turkey's response**
 * 3. World's response**

**Section 4: The War Ends **


 * ** Complete the Who, What, When, Where, and why of the following two events. You may use your text and the internet to complete the activity **:

**The Sinking of the Lusitania: **


Here is a link to an eyewitness history account: [|Sinking the Lusitania.docx]

__ **Who** __: The Lusitania was a passenger ship that was originally built to be a war ship. It was equipped with guns as well as other ammunition for the allies. __ **What: ** __ German U-boats launched torpedoes at this ship after discovering that it held supplies for the allied powers. This attack killed over 1000 people. May 7, 1915 at at 2:10 in the afternoon. **__Where__: ** This was close to the coast of Ireland. __ **Why/Significance ** __ In this attack, 114 Americans died, which was the main cause that the U.S entered World War I.
 * __When__: **

**The Zimmerman Note: **
== ==

 [|Zimmerman Note.docx] == [|copy of actual note.docx] ==
 * Here are two links for the Zimmerman Telegram: **

__ **Who** __: German foreign secretary, Arthur Zimmerman, American president Woodrow Wilson, and president of Mexico, Venustiano Carranza. __ **What: ** __ Zimmerman sent a suggestion to Mexico about gaining an alliance against the U.S. If this took place, Mexico could attack America and hopefully gain territory that was lost. __ **Why/Significance: ** __ Mexico rejected this offer by the Germans in fear that the United States' forces were too strong.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff0000; font-family: verdana,geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">__When__: ** January 16 through April 14, 1917
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff0000; font-family: verdana,geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">__Where__: ** This was sent from Germany to Mexico.

== **Here is a link that summarizes US entrance in WWI** [|US in WWI] ==
 * Watch the video
 * travel through the exhibit

**In Paragraph form summize the role the United States played in World War I**
 * **Type summary into wiki .....or/**
 * **Create word documen** t **entitled US Role in WWI and attach it as a file**

The United States entered the war post Germany sinking the Lusitania. While many had left the homestead to go off the war, the women took over their jobs, even African American and Hispanic women. Also, this was the first time women were allowed to join the army, and many African Americans were welcomed as well. At this point, the United States seemed to have a strong army and this would, in turn, help the allies gain victory over the central powers.

‍ **A Difficult Peace**

 * Background**:

At the end of the War, each of the major allied powers had a different viewpoint on what should be included in the peace treaty. The French wanted to punish Germany. The United States under the direction of President Wilson wanted a treaty that would promote stability and world peace (Fourteen Points). The British seemed to fall somewhere between the two. Italy, on the other hand wanted to increase it territory.

Activity:
 * Read the summary of the Treaty of Versailles here:[[image:http://www.wikispaces.com/i/mime/32/application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document.png width="32" height="32" link="http://mastromaurowh.wikispaces.com/file/view/Treaty+of+Versailles.docx"]] [|Treaty of Versailles.docx]

1. **List and summarize the major points of the Treaty** -Germany was defeated and forced to return certain areas back to the French. -Overseas colonies became what was called the League of Mandates and then the city of Danzig became a free city. -Article 231 forced Germany to take responsibility for starting World War I, and they had to pay large reparations. -They then had less than 100,000 soldiers in their army. -They also were not allowed to have an air force. -All of these countries faced economic failure. 2. **Predict how this treaty led to the rise of Hitler and ultimately WWII using evidence from the document** Using evidence from this document, as well as my knowledge of Hitler and World War II, I can gather many things. Because Germany had to pay reparations, they were eventually in a poor position. First off, they were angry that they were blamed for starting World War I. Then, when Hitler came along and promised to change many things, the Germans were all for his power. He promised revenge as well as economic perseverance. Then he became a dictator, World War II began and other events such as the tragic holocaust. media type="custom" key="12460140"
 * Use the following graphic to summarize the costs of WWI: [|Costs of WWI.docx]**

media type="custom" key="12501098"